Communist Moscow introduced a Latin script for Turkic languages before forcing a switch to Cyrillic in 1940. The Kazakh language will change from Cyrillic to Latin script as part of a modernization and development effort. Younger Uzbeks grew up reading textbooks in Latin script, but most of the publications are still in Cyrillic. Online keyboard to type a text with the Cyrillic characters of the Kazakh alphabet Nazarbayev himself uses both Russian and Kazakh in speeches. “What are you going to replace them with? Kazakhstan's President Nursultan Nazarbayev on Friday announced the country's alphabet will gradually switch from Cyrillic to Latin script. A picture is worth a thousand words. Kazakh briefly used the Latin script before switching to Cyrillic in 1940. The Kazakh virtual keyboard allows you to enter characters with a click of your mouse. Croatia accused of physical and sexual assaults against refugees, How Patani-Malay Muslims refuse to be swallowed by Thailand's mainstream, Turkey's school teacher-turned-eco-warrior collects 1200 heirloom seeds, How the UAE's espionage is aimed at destabilising Turkey. “It’s not like switching to the Arabic alphabet or Chinese characters,” Erlan Dossov, a 19-year-old university student from Almaty said in an interview. By continuing to browse the site you are agreeing to our use of cookies. Kazakhstan's leader steps down, or is it a step up? “Changing alphabets is bad, but considering Uzbekistan's current situation we need to switch to the Latin [script] as soon as possible.". “Kazakh language and culture were nearly lost.”, “In the Soviet era, we got 'Russified' so much that we have problems until today," Erden Kazhibek, director of the Linguistics Institute in Almaty, told a scientific conference last September. Certain sounds will be covered by the use of apostrophes. A new system with diacritics and digraphs was introduced – and “cherry” would be written as “shie”. Even though other Turkic-speaking Soviet republics, regions and ethnic groups suffered greatly during the Soviet era, Kazakhstan was hurt especially badly. With the apostrophes widely ridiculed and criticised, and Nazarbayev - who usually tolerates no dissent and increasingly manifests autocratic proclivities - had to back down. Official language in Kazakhstan, it is also spoken in the Altai Republic of Russia, and in the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang, China. Central Asian Turkic states used Arab script for almost a millennium, but secular Kazakh writings emerged after czarist Russia’s conquest in the second half of the 19th Century. ". His attempts to introduce the Latin script date back to 2012, but he tried not to antagonise Kazakhstan’s ethnic minorities. Their intellectual elites were purged and a large swath of steppe was used for nuclear weapons tests. Kazakh can be written in three different alphabets, with the Cyrillic alphabet used in Kazakhstan and Mongolia, and the Arabic alphabet used in China. “The natural way of national development was broken and alien forms of social structure were imposed,” Kazakhstan’s first and only Nazarbayev wrote in a 2017 article. “I am horrified by the switch,” Adil, a public school teacher in Almaty, Kazakhstan’s financial capital, said in an interview. Kazakh (қазақ тілі in Cyrillic, transliterated in qazaq tili in Latin alphabet) belongs to the Turkic language family, more specifically to the Kipchak languages branch. "A need in linguistic decolonisation emerged," analyst Dossym Satpayev wrote in an op-ed published by the Kazakh Forbes magazine in February 2018. North Korea: Chinese yellow dust could bring Covid-19 into the country, Show people, places and other topics in this story. The other supported languages are: Abkhaz, Adyghe, Armenian (eastern, classical), Armenian (western), Azerbaijani (Azeri), Bashkir, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Carrier, Cherokee, Chuvash, Georgian, Greek, Ingush, Inuktitut, Japanese, Macedonian, Russian, Serbian, Tamazight, Ukrainian, and Vai. The Kazakh language counts about 15 million speakers, and can be written in Cyrillic, Latin and Arabic script. A captive man is shackled, his head shaved, and a fresh, bloodied hide from a dead camel’s neck is placed around his head. The Kazakh Cyrillic keyboard, for example, uses all number and punctuation keys in order to cover the 42 letters of Cyrillic alphabet. Contact Officials said the switch is part of a modernization drive and an attempt to make use of technology easier. In August 2014, five months after Crimea’s annexation, Russian President Vladimir Putin enraged many Kazakhs by remarking that “Kazakhs never had any statehood”. Kazakh, a Turkic language, currently uses a modified Cyrillic alphabet with 42 letters. [ Amazon.com]. Official language in Kazakhstan, it is also spoken in the Altai Republic of Russia, and in the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang, China. You can then directly transliterate your text from one script to the other according to the selected transliteration system. Legal notice | Before switching to the Latin alphabet (a modified variant for Turkic languages also called Yanalif) in early 1920s, the Kazakh language was transcribed in Arabic script. In 2017, Kazakhstan's then president and long-term leader Nursultan Nazarbayev signed a decree on the switch from the Cyrillic to the Latin alphabet. Instead, he antagonised linguists and the public. The Kazakh Language. "[Latin] is used by approximately 70 percent of all countries, making it an essential part of communicating across the globe, especially in terms of technology, business, science and education," the ministry said. But Russia’s renewed imperialism coincided with a demographic trend that made ethnic Kazakhs a majority for the first time in the nation’s post-Soviet history. (29.03.2017), The four-part documentary Moscow’s Empire shows how the former Soviet nations faced an anarchic decade marked by military conflicts and the search for new national identities and a new self-awareness. The Soviet-era change to Cyrillic was implemented in other Turkic speaking Central Asian states and Azerbaijan in part to distance the countries from Turkey, which changed from a Persian-Arabic script to Latin in 1928 as part of a Westernization drive. “The transition will in no way affect the rights of [Kazakh nationals] that speak Russian or other languages,” Nazarbayev said in televised remarks in 2017. This site uses cookies for statistical and advertising purposes. In an article published in state media in April, Nazarbayev described the use of the Cyrillic script as "political.". Kazakhstan power struggle emerges as longtime president steps down, Incumbent Tokayev wins Kazakh presidential vote - exit poll, President of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev, resigns, Kazakh president sacks government over economic failures, The Mediterranean is under stress, needs urgent action, says a UN report. This site uses cookies. The oil-rich republic is a close ally of Russia and has the largest ethnic-Russian population of the former Soviet republics in Central Asia. In a couple of days, the hide dries and shrinks either killing the captive or making him lose his memories and turning him into a ‘mankurt’, an obedient zombie slave. Communists made pastoralist nomads to settle down by confiscating their cattle and forcing them to work at collective farms, and an ensuing famine killed up to 40 percent of ethnic Kazakhs. Experts disagree, contending that the switch will help Westernise Kazakhstan and break it away from Russia’s cultural and political orbit, especially after the 2014 annexation of Crimea showed Moscow’s disregard for its ex-Soviet neighbours’ borders. On October, 26 2017, the president of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev, has passed a decree to make effective the switchover of Khazakh from the Cyrillic script to the Latin alphabet by 2025. Kazakh is in the family of Turkic languages, which also includes languages such as Turkish, Azerbaijani, Kyrgyz, Uzbek, and Uyghur. Certain sounds will be covered by the use of apostrophes. (28.09.2017), © 2020 Deutsche Welle | As one of Russia’s most trusted allies, Nazarbayev balanced Moscow’s political and cultural clout with Chinese and Western investments, mostly in in Kazakhstan’s immense hydrocarbon reserves. In Kazakhstan there is also an initiative to formally adopt the Latin alphabet as the … The Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan and Mongolia. The transliteration of each supported character is displayed on the right side of the character. But even the staunchest proponents of the switch agree that it is troublesome. "Moreover, after Crimea’s annexation and Russia's turn to very aggressive foreign policy, some Kazakhs started seeing Russia as an ideological rival, not as a partner.”. Kazakh literature thrived with the policy of free and universal public schooling and nearly 100 percent of Kazakhs became literate for the first time in their history. The Foreign Ministry said in September that the switch to Latin script would also benefit Kazakhstan's development. The change over is scheduled to be fully implemented by 2025. “All of our literature is published in Cyrillic, and the switch will result in a generation cut off from their cultural roots,” said Adil, who taught Kazakh language and literature for 37 years.
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